Generation Alpha and Digital Media: Theory and Reality” is an interdisciplinary monograph examining the media and digital competencies of the youngest generation growing up in a fully mediatized, hybrid, and rapidly evolving information environment. The authors integrate media studies, anthropology, and sociology, combining theoretical reflection with empirical research. The book continues previous work on misinformation and digital literacy among young media users. Its methodological framework is based on triangulation of methods, data, and researchers, ensuring a multi-layered and robust analysis. The core theoretical foundation is grounded theory, drawing on Glaser, Strauss, and Kathy Charmaz’s constructivist approach. Empirical material includes desk research and in-depth interviews with students and teachers. The data were analyzed qualitatively using MAXQDA software, employing open, axial, and selective coding. This enabled the reconstruction of media competence models and the identification of systemic and environmental determinants shaping them. Special attention is given to prefigurative culture and intergenerational relations that influence digital skill formation. The authors critically revisit the myth of the “global teenager,” revealing intra-generational diversity and the pragmatic orientation of Generation Alpha toward technology. The study also identifies strategies of critical thinking development and digital resilience building. The book offers an analytical model of media competencies and provides educational recommendations, emphasizing the need for a systemic approach to media literacy. It functions both as a diagnostic and applied work, contributing to contemporary debates on media, education, and digital society.